Hiring founding Business Salespeople in EdTech: Account Executive, Business Development Manager or Sales Manager?

Hiring founding sales person to win new business in EdTech can be confusing.

Three companies may advertise almost the same job using three different titles.

One may call the person a founding Account Executive.

Another may use founding Business Development Manager.

A third may advertise for a Sales Manager, even though the person won’t manage anyone.

This creates problems for both companies and candidates.

Companies attract people with the wrong experience. Candidates join expecting one type of role and discover that they’ve been hired to do something completely different.

Before recruiting, the sales or revenue leader needs to define the work, customer, target and level of responsibility.

The title should come last.

Why sales titles are confusing in EdTech

EdTech companies sell to a wide range of customers.

These may include:

  1. Individual schools
  2. Multi academy trusts
  3. Local authorities
  4. Colleges
  5. Universities
  6. Training providers
  7. Government departments
  8. Employers
  9. Education charities
  10. International education groups

Selling a low cost classroom tool to individual schools is very different from selling a large platform to a university or multi academy trust.

The salesperson may need to manage:

  1. Several decision makers
  2. Long budget cycles
  3. Pilots and trials
  4. Procurement processes
  5. Data protection questions
  6. Technical reviews
  7. Business cases
  8. Formal tenders
  9. Contract negotiations
  10. Several months between the first conversation and the final decision

Job titles don’t always show which of these responsibilities belong to the role.

Current EdTech roles demonstrate this inconsistency. One Account Executive position at Zen Educate owns the full sales cycle, including outreach, discovery, activation, growth and renewal. Current Business Development Manager vacancies also describe responsibility for guiding customers through the full sales process.

That means you can’t rely on the title alone.

The simple comparison

Account Executive

Main purpose: Win new customers.

Usually owns: A personal new business revenue target.

Usually closes deals: Yes.

Usually manages people: No.

Main focus: Managing qualified opportunities from prospecting or discovery through to contract.

Business Development Manager

Main purpose: Create new revenue opportunities.

Usually owns: A personal revenue or pipeline target.

Usually closes deals: Often, but not always.

Usually manages people: No.

Main focus: Prospecting, developing new markets, partnerships or full cycle new business sales.

Sales Manager

Main purpose: Lead the sales team.

Usually owns: A team revenue target.

Usually closes deals: Sometimes, particularly on larger or more complex opportunities.

Usually manages people: Yes.

Main focus: Coaching, hiring, forecasting, performance management and delivering the team target.

These definitions are a useful starting point.

They aren’t universal.

Some EdTech companies use Business Development Manager and Account Executive to describe almost the same role.

Some use Sales Manager for an individual salesperson responsible for a region rather than a team.

Your job description must make the responsibilities clear.

What is an Account Executive?

An Account Executive is usually an individual contributor who owns a new business sales target.

They may be responsible for:

  1. Identifying target accounts
  2. Prospecting
  3. Qualifying opportunities
  4. Running discovery meetings
  5. Demonstrating the product
  6. Building a business case
  7. Coordinating technical support
  8. Managing pilots
  9. Handling procurement
  10. Negotiating commercial terms
  11. Closing contracts
  12. Handing customers to Account Management or Customer Success

At a larger company, an Account Executive may receive qualified meetings from a Sales Development Representative.

At a smaller EdTech company, they may need to build most of their own pipeline.

That distinction matters.

A candidate who has performed well with ten qualified meetings provided each week may struggle when asked to create opportunities from scratch.

What should an Account Executive own?

A new business Account Executive should normally own:

  1. A defined territory or customer segment
  2. A revenue target
  3. A pipeline creation target
  4. Opportunity management
  5. Sales forecasting
  6. Commercial negotiations
  7. The customer relationship until the contract is signed
  8. A clear handover to the post sale team

Be specific about whether they are responsible for outbound prospecting.

A job description shouldn’t say that marketing will provide leads when the reality is that the salesperson must find most opportunities themselves.

When should you hire an Account Executive?

An Account Executive may be the right hire when:

  1. You know which customers you want to target
  2. You understand the problem those customers are trying to solve
  3. You have evidence that customers will pay for the product
  4. You need someone to run a repeatable sales process
  5. You have enough market information to set a sensible target
  6. The person will have access to product and technical support
  7. There is enough market opportunity to justify a dedicated closer

An Account Executive shouldn’t be hired to discover whether there is a market while also carrying a full revenue target.

They can improve the sales process.

They can’t create demand for a product that customers don’t need.

What is a Business Development Manager?

Business Development Manager is one of the least consistent titles in EdTech.

It can describe several different jobs.

A prospecting role

Some Business Development Managers focus mainly on creating opportunities.

They may:

  1. Research target organisations
  2. Contact potential customers
  3. Qualify interest
  4. Arrange meetings
  5. Pass opportunities to an Account Executive

This role may also be called Sales Development Representative or Business Development Representative.

A full cycle sales role

Some companies use Business Development Manager as another name for Account Executive.

The person prospects, runs meetings, demonstrates the product, negotiates and closes.

This is common in smaller EdTech businesses where sales roles cover a wider range of responsibilities.

A market development role

The Business Development Manager may be responsible for developing a new customer group, region or product area.

For example, they may help the company move from selling to individual schools into selling to multi academy trusts.

Their work may include:

  1. Market research
  2. Early customer conversations
  3. Testing sales messages
  4. Building partnerships
  5. Developing pricing
  6. Winning the first customers

A partnerships role

Some Business Development Managers build relationships with:

  1. Education associations
  2. Resellers
  3. Government bodies
  4. Training providers
  5. Publishers
  6. Technology partners
  7. Consultancy firms
  8. Distribution partners

Revenue may come through referrals, joint offers, licences or access to new markets.

What should a Business Development Manager own?

Before recruiting, the sales leader should answer:

  1. Do they create meetings or close contracts?
  2. Do they have a personal revenue target?
  3. Are they selling directly or through partners?
  4. Are they working within an established market?
  5. Are they opening a new market?
  6. Who takes over after the first meeting?
  7. Do they keep the customer after the sale?
  8. How will their performance be measured?
  9. What marketing support will they receive?
  10. What percentage of their pipeline must they create?

A job description that says “build relationships and drive growth” doesn’t answer any of these questions.

When should you hire a Business Development Manager?

A Business Development Manager may be the right hire when:

  1. The person needs to create opportunities from scratch
  2. Partnerships are an important route to revenue
  3. The company is entering a new market
  4. The commercial model is still being tested
  5. The role covers both prospecting and closing
  6. The person needs strong sector relationships
  7. Success involves more than running a standard sales process

However, don’t use the title simply because it sounds more senior than Sales Executive.

The responsibilities and salary need to match.

What is a Sales Manager?

A Sales Manager should normally be a people leader.

Their main job is to help a team achieve its sales target.

They may be responsible for:

  1. Setting individual targets
  2. Coaching salespeople
  3. Reviewing pipelines
  4. Managing forecasts
  5. Improving conversion rates
  6. Recruiting new team members
  7. Managing performance
  8. Supporting large opportunities
  9. Working with marketing
  10. Improving the sales process
  11. Reporting to the CRO, Sales Director or Head of Revenue
  12. Creating a healthy and accountable team culture

A Sales Manager shouldn’t simply be the company’s best salesperson with a new title.

Selling and managing require different skills.

A strong salesperson may prefer closing their own deals. A strong manager needs to get results through other people.

Should a Sales Manager carry their own target?

Sometimes.

A player manager may carry a personal target while also managing other salespeople.

This can work in a very small team.

But it creates tension.

When the manager is under pressure to close their own deals, coaching often becomes the first thing to disappear.

They may also compete with their team for the best opportunities.

Be clear about how time and commission will be divided.

A manager with three direct reports and a full personal sales target doesn’t have two jobs. They have one impossible job wearing two name badges.

When should you hire a Sales Manager?

A Sales Manager may be the right hire when:

  1. You already have several salespeople
  2. The team needs regular coaching
  3. Pipeline reviews are inconsistent
  4. Forecasting is unreliable
  5. The sales process needs clearer management
  6. The CRO or Sales Director can’t manage every salesperson directly
  7. The company plans to grow the sales team
  8. There is enough evidence to set realistic targets
  9. The main challenge is team performance rather than market discovery

Don’t hire a Sales Manager when what you really need is another salesperson.

A manager can’t coach an empty team.

Account Executive, Business Development Manager or Sales Manager?

Ask what problem you are trying to solve.

You need more qualified opportunities

You may need:

  1. A Sales Development Representative
  2. A Business Development Representative
  3. A prospecting focused Business Development Manager

Before hiring, check whether the issue is really capacity.

Poor messaging, an unclear market or weak targeting won’t be solved by asking someone to send more emails.

You have opportunities but not enough deals are closing

You may need:

  1. An Account Executive
  2. A full cycle Business Development Manager
  3. A more experienced enterprise salesperson

You should also review why deals are being lost.

The answer may be pricing, positioning, product gaps or weak qualification rather than the salesperson.

You have salespeople but results are inconsistent

You may need:

  1. A Sales Manager
  2. A Head of Sales
  3. Better sales enablement
  4. Stronger Revenue Operations support

A manager can improve coaching and accountability.

They can’t make an unrealistic target fair.

You are entering a new market

You may need:

  1. A Business Development Manager
  2. A Market Development Director
  3. A strategic salesperson with relevant sector experience

The person may need to test your route to market before a larger sales team is built.

What skills should a new business salesperson have?

Whether you call them an Account Executive or Business Development Manager, a strong EdTech salesperson needs more than confidence and a good presentation.

They can build pipeline

They should know how to:

  1. Identify suitable organisations
  2. Research accounts
  3. Find relevant contacts
  4. Create tailored outreach
  5. Use referrals and events
  6. Follow up consistently
  7. Turn early interest into a qualified conversation

Ask what percentage of their previous pipeline they created themselves.

They run proper discovery

Good salespeople don’t rush into a product demonstration.

They ask questions about:

  1. The customer’s current situation
  2. The problem they want to solve
  3. The cost of doing nothing
  4. Who is affected
  5. What has already been tried
  6. Who will make the decision
  7. What budget is available
  8. When the decision must be made
  9. What could stop the purchase

Strong discovery helps the customer think.

It isn’t an interrogation followed by a product pitch.

They understand several stakeholders

The user, buyer, budget holder and final decision maker may all be different people.

A salesperson needs to understand:

  1. Who wants the product
  2. Who will use it
  3. Who controls the money
  4. Who approves procurement
  5. Who may block the decision
  6. Who will judge whether it worked

A deal that depends on one enthusiastic contact is a fragile deal.

They can sell value

Education customers don’t buy features alone.

They may buy:

  1. Reduced workload
  2. Better learner outcomes
  3. Improved staff retention
  4. Higher student engagement
  5. Consistency across several locations
  6. Better reporting
  7. Reduced costs
  8. Lower organisational risk

The salesperson should connect the product to a meaningful customer outcome.

They can manage a long sales cycle

EdTech deals can slow down because of budgets, school holidays, procurement, leadership changes or internal approvals.

A strong salesperson keeps momentum without harassing the customer.

Every meeting should end with a clear next step, owner and date.

They can qualify out

Not every interested prospect is a real opportunity.

A good salesperson knows when to stop investing time.

They don’t keep weak opportunities in the pipeline to make the forecast look larger.

They can forecast honestly

They should be able to explain:

  1. Why a deal is likely to close
  2. Who is involved
  3. What has been agreed
  4. What still needs to happen
  5. What the risks are
  6. When the customer will decide

“I had a good conversation” isn’t a forecast category.

They work well across teams

EdTech salespeople often need support from:

  1. Product
  2. Marketing
  3. Customer Success
  4. Implementation
  5. Finance
  6. Legal
  7. Data protection specialists
  8. Senior leadership

They need to involve colleagues without creating unnecessary work or making promises on their behalf.

How important is education sector knowledge?

Education knowledge can shorten the learning curve.

Someone who understands schools, trusts, universities or training providers may already recognise:

  1. Budget cycles
  2. Procurement processes
  3. Academic calendars
  4. Leadership structures
  5. Funding pressures
  6. The difference between users and buyers
  7. How slowly organisational change can happen

However, sector knowledge doesn’t automatically make someone a good salesperson.

Assess whether their experience matches:

  1. Your customer group
  2. Your average contract value
  3. Your sales cycle
  4. Your product complexity
  5. Your geographic market
  6. Your company stage
  7. Your level of brand awareness

Someone who has sold low cost subscriptions to individual teachers may not be ready to sell a six figure platform to universities.

A salesperson from another SaaS or public sector market may be stronger when they have managed similar buying journeys.

Should they bring a book of business?

A relevant network can open conversations.

It can’t guarantee revenue.

Relationships built while working for a recognised supplier won’t automatically transfer to a smaller or less established company.

Buyers may trust the person but still have no need, budget or authority to buy your product.

Ask candidates:

  1. Which relationships have they maintained?
  2. Why do those contacts trust them?
  3. How relevant are those contacts to your target market?
  4. How would they approach them about your product?
  5. What will they do when their immediate network is exhausted?
  6. How do they build relationships with new people?
  7. What percentage of previous revenue came from existing contacts?
  8. What percentage came from accounts they developed themselves?

A book of business should be a useful starting point.

It shouldn’t be the entire sales strategy.

What salary should you offer?

Salary depends on:

  1. Customer type
  2. Contract value
  3. Length of sales cycle
  4. Territory
  5. Seniority
  6. Company stage
  7. Brand awareness
  8. Pipeline support
  9. Technical complexity
  10. Target size

Current UK data puts the average Business Development Manager base salary at about £42,500. Current advertised technology Sales Manager roles have a median salary of around £60,000. EdTech Account Executive vacancies show a wide range, including packages with base salaries between £70,000 and £80,000 and OTE between £91,000 and £104,000 for more senior roles.

As a broad UK planning guide:

Business Development Representative or Sales Development Representative

A base salary of around £28,000 to £40,000.

OTE may be around £40,000 to £60,000.

This person normally creates qualified opportunities rather than closing larger contracts.

Business Development Manager

A base salary of around £40,000 to £65,000.

OTE may be around £60,000 to £110,000.

The range depends on whether they generate meetings, close revenue or develop strategic partnerships.

Account Executive

A base salary of around £50,000 to £80,000.

OTE may be around £90,000 to £140,000.

UK data for smaller business Account Executives reports a median base of about £54,000 and OTE close to £99,000.

Enterprise Account Executive

A base salary of around £80,000 to £110,000 or more.

OTE may be around £140,000 to £200,000 or more.

Current UK salary data places average Enterprise Account Executive base pay at more than £100,000, although the title covers different company sizes and markets.

Sales Manager

A base salary of around £55,000 to £85,000.

OTE may be around £80,000 to £130,000.

More senior managers leading enterprise teams may earn more. Current UK salary guides commonly place Sales Manager base pay between £50,000 and £75,000, with OTE between £80,000 and £120,000.

These are broad benchmarks, not fixed price lists.

A title doesn’t determine the salary.

The work does.

How should commission work?

The commission plan should be:

  1. Clear
  2. Achievable
  3. Linked to work the person controls
  4. Easy to calculate
  5. Suitable for the sales cycle

For an Account Executive, commission may be linked to:

  1. New annual contract value
  2. Total contract value
  3. Revenue collected
  4. Number of new customers
  5. Multiyear contracts
  6. Strategic accounts

For a Business Development Manager, it may be linked to:

  1. Qualified meetings
  2. Sales accepted opportunities
  3. Pipeline created
  4. New revenue
  5. Partner sourced revenue

For a Sales Manager, it should usually be based mainly on team results.

Be careful with targets that depend on factors outside the salesperson’s control.

When sales cycles normally last nine months, expecting substantial closed revenue during the first quarter makes little sense.

Likewise, an attractive OTE means little when the target is impossible.

How long does hiring take?

The UK median time to hire is around 40 days, but specialist and senior commercial searches may take longer.

A sensible plan is:

  1. One to two weeks to define the role and scorecard
  2. Four to eight weeks for sourcing and interviews
  3. Time for offer negotiation
  4. The candidate’s notice period
  5. Product and market onboarding
  6. At least one meaningful sales cycle before judging full performance

From deciding to recruit to having a fully productive salesperson may take several months.

You should still expect early signs of progress.

The person should begin building suitable pipeline, improving customer conversations and creating clearer forecasts during their first few months.

Where do you find these people?

The strongest candidate may not be actively applying.

Use several routes.

Direct search

Map companies selling to:

  1. Similar customers
  2. Similar decision makers
  3. Similar contract values
  4. Similar regions
  5. Similar organisations

Look beyond direct competitors.

Candidates from HR technology, public sector SaaS, healthcare technology or professional learning may have relevant experience.

Referrals

Ask:

  1. Revenue leaders
  2. Sales leaders
  3. Customers
  4. Investors
  5. Education consultants
  6. Existing employees

Ask who they rate and why.

Being visible on LinkedIn isn’t evidence that someone can sell.

Industry events and communities

Education conferences, sales communities and EdTech networks can help you identify people with relevant market knowledge.

Use events to start relationships, not as a substitute for proper assessment.

LinkedIn

Search using:

  1. Customer type
  2. Deal size
  3. Sales cycle
  4. Territory
  5. Target market
  6. Responsibilities

Don’t search by job title alone.

Specialist recruiters

A specialist recruiter should challenge the brief before beginning the search.

They should help you decide whether you need:

  1. A prospecting specialist
  2. A full cycle salesperson
  3. An enterprise Account Executive
  4. A partnerships leader
  5. A Sales Manager

They should assess evidence rather than sending candidates because their current title matches your vacancy.

How do you tell whether someone is a good salesperson?

Sales interviews come with an obvious problem.

You are interviewing someone whose job is to persuade you.

Confidence matters.

Evidence matters more.

Ask candidates:

  1. What was your annual target?
  2. What percentage did you achieve?
  3. What was your average contract value?
  4. How long was the average sales cycle?
  5. How many deals did you close?
  6. How much pipeline did you create yourself?
  7. Where did the rest of your pipeline come from?
  8. Who were the main decision makers?
  9. How many stakeholders were normally involved?
  10. What support did you receive?
  11. Why did you lose your last three deals?
  12. What did you change after those losses?
  13. Which results did you personally own?
  14. How accurate were your forecasts?
  15. What percentage of the team reached target?

Context matters.

Someone may have reached 130 per cent of target because one large existing customer expanded.

Another person may have reached 90 per cent while opening a new market with no marketing support.

The percentage alone doesn’t tell the whole story.

How do you assess a Sales Manager?

A Sales Manager should be assessed on more than their personal sales history.

Ask:

  1. How many people did you manage?
  2. What percentage of the team reached target?
  3. How did team performance change under your leadership?
  4. How often did you coach each salesperson?
  5. How did you manage weak performance?
  6. How did you improve forecasting?
  7. Who did you recruit?
  8. How did those hires perform?
  9. How did you divide territories?
  10. How did you work with Marketing and Customer Success?
  11. Tell me about someone you helped improve.
  12. Tell me about someone you had to manage out.

A manager who talks only about the deals they personally closed may still be thinking like an individual contributor.

Use a practical interview task

Give shortlisted sales candidates a short brief about your product, customer and market.

Ask them to prepare:

  1. Their target account criteria
  2. Five discovery questions
  3. A short outreach message
  4. Their approach to the first customer meeting
  5. How they would qualify the opportunity
  6. What information they would need from the sales leader
  7. How they would plan their first 90 days

For a Sales Manager, ask them to review a sample pipeline.

Include:

  1. Several weak opportunities
  2. An unrealistic forecast
  3. A salesperson missing target
  4. A large deal with limited stakeholder access

Ask the candidate to explain:

  1. What they would challenge
  2. Which questions they would ask
  3. How they would coach the team
  4. What they would report to the CRO
  5. What action they would take next

Keep the task short.

You are testing judgement, not asking candidates to create unpaid sales strategies.

Complete proper reference checks

Speak with former managers where possible.

For an Account Executive or Business Development Manager, ask:

  1. What target did they carry?
  2. What results did they achieve?
  3. How much pipeline did they create?
  4. How accurate were their forecasts?
  5. How did they respond when deals became difficult?
  6. How much structure did they need?
  7. Would you hire them into an early stage EdTech company?

For a Sales Manager, ask:

  1. How did the team perform under them?
  2. What were they like as a coach?
  3. Did they deal with performance issues?
  4. How accurate were their team forecasts?
  5. Did strong salespeople trust them?
  6. How did they behave under pressure?
  7. Would you ask them to build a sales team again?

How does the sales leader set them up for success?

Hiring is only half the work.

Before the salesperson starts, prepare:

  1. A clear ideal customer profile
  2. Customer and buyer information
  3. Pricing and packages
  4. Case studies
  5. Common objections
  6. Competitor information
  7. A product demonstration
  8. A clear sales process
  9. CRM stages
  10. A realistic target
  11. Clear commission rules
  12. Defined marketing support
  13. Access to product specialists
  14. A customer handover process
  15. A 30, 60 and 90 day plan

The sales leader should also explain what hasn’t been built yet.

Don’t present a rough sales process as a finished machine and then blame the salesperson when parts fall off.

Provide regular coaching

The CRO, Sales Director or Sales Manager shouldn’t disappear after the new salesperson starts.

Useful support includes:

  1. Weekly individual meetings
  2. Pipeline reviews
  3. Call coaching
  4. Deal strategy sessions
  5. Forecast reviews
  6. Support with senior stakeholders
  7. Clear decisions on discounts
  8. Feedback on outreach and discovery

The manager should challenge the salesperson without taking over every opportunity.

The goal is to build judgement and ownership.

What should you measure during the first few months?

Closed revenue matters, but it may not be the first useful measure.

Track:

  1. Quality of target accounts
  2. Relevant conversations created
  3. Outreach conversion
  4. Discovery quality
  5. Qualified pipeline
  6. Stakeholder access
  7. Movement through sales stages
  8. CRM accuracy
  9. Forecast quality
  10. Quality of follow up
  11. Product and sector knowledge
  12. Feedback from prospects

A salesperson should gradually create better opportunities and make stronger decisions.

Activity without progress isn’t success.

How do you know whether the salesperson is performing well?

A good new business salesperson:

  1. Builds relevant pipeline
  2. Prepares properly for meetings
  3. Asks strong questions
  4. Understands the buying process
  5. Builds relationships with several stakeholders
  6. Qualifies weak opportunities out
  7. Follows up clearly
  8. Keeps the CRM accurate
  9. Forecasts honestly
  10. Learns from lost deals
  11. Uses internal support wisely
  12. Doesn’t rely only on existing contacts

The sales leader should have more visibility after the person joins.

The forecast should become clearer, not more optimistic.

How do you know whether the Sales Manager is performing well?

A good Sales Manager:

  1. Knows why each salesperson is winning or struggling
  2. Coaches regularly
  3. Challenges weak pipeline
  4. Improves forecast accuracy
  5. Deals with performance issues early
  6. Recruits carefully
  7. Creates clear expectations
  8. Protects the team from avoidable confusion
  9. Works well with Marketing and Customer Success
  10. Develops people rather than closing every deal for them
  11. Creates accountability without creating fear
  12. Gives the revenue leader an honest view of performance

The team shouldn’t become dependent on the manager joining every important meeting.

Warning signs when hiring a salesperson

Be cautious when a candidate:

  1. Talks about relationships but can’t explain their process
  2. Can’t provide clear performance figures
  3. Blames every loss on price or product
  4. Has only succeeded with strong inbound support
  5. Avoids prospecting
  6. Keeps every opportunity in the pipeline
  7. Promises immediate revenue without understanding the market
  8. Can’t explain the decision making process
  9. Treats CRM updates as administration
  10. Relies entirely on a book of contacts
  11. Confuses activity with progress
  12. Needs far more brand awareness and support than your company can provide

Warning signs when hiring a Sales Manager

Be cautious when a manager:

  1. Talks mainly about their personal deals
  2. Can’t explain how they coach
  3. Avoids difficult performance conversations
  4. Blames the team for every missed target
  5. Uses pressure as their main management method
  6. Can’t produce an accurate forecast
  7. Takes over opportunities instead of developing salespeople
  8. Has never recruited or managed someone through a difficult period
  9. Focuses only on activity levels
  10. Promises rapid growth without reviewing the market, team or pipeline

Don’t hire by title

The difference between an Account Executive, Business Development Manager and Sales Manager isn’t the seniority of the words.

It is the work they own.

An Account Executive normally closes new customers.

A Business Development Manager may create opportunities, close deals, build partnerships or develop a new market.

A Sales Manager should deliver results through a team.

Define the problem before choosing the title.

Then assess candidates against the customer, sales cycle, target and working environment they will actually face.

A strong new business hire can create a more predictable route to growth.

But they need a clear market, honest targets, proper leadership and enough support to do the job well.

RecruitHer helps EdTech companies hire Account Executives, Business Development Managers, Sales Managers and other go to market professionals. We assess candidates against the work, customers and revenue they will actually own, rather than relying only on job titles, sector names or a polished interview.